It was founded on November 5, 1934, in Tiraspol. The first show staged was “Hate” by S. Ialțev. In 1940, the theater moved to Chisinau, where in the same year it presented the show “Unchaining” by B. Lavreniov. During the Second World War, the theater was evacuated to Turkmenistan, where it staged productions such as “Russian People” by C. Simonov, “Partisans in the Steppes of Ukraine” by A. Korneiciuc, “Machenka” by A. Afinoghenov, “Guilty without guilt” by A. Ostrovskii, and others.

Upon returning to Chisinau in 1944, the theater continued to stage plays from classical and contemporary Russian drama. Additionally, original performances were produced based on the works of Moldovan playwrights, including “When the Grape Ripens” by P. Darienco (1960), “The Source of Brotherhood” by L. Corneanu (1964), “And Under That Sky…” by A. Busuioc (1980), “The Year of Death, the Year of Immortality” by I. Druță (1982), “Badea Cozma” based on G. Malciuc (1984), and more.

From 1985 onward, Veniamin Apostol, an esteemed master of art from the Moldavian SSR, served as the theater’s chief director until his passing. The theater conducted numerous tours in Moscow, Leningrad, Kiev, Odessa, Breansc, Krasnodar, Stavropol, with its performances earning high praise from audiences.